School
Dropout and Child Labour
Parmar
shubhda
Department of English
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
Bhavnagar, Gujarat
shubhadaparmar10@gmail.com
Introduction:
This paper has been prepared
as a back ground on school dropout and child labour. In the 21st
century there are lots of problems like, poverty, abortion of girl child,
prostitution and very famous problem is child labour. The issue of child labour
is closely related with human and it seen that the incidence of child labour is
very high and a front line concern in India.
The issue of child labour is a developmental issue worth studying as we
know child labour is a source of income for poor family. Our government is
doing best work for how to erase child labour in the India by removing poverty
and provide enough sources for incomes. But our pubic is not supported governments.
They are just take benefits with help of government without any hard work.
Education is human right .So all
human rights should, with the duty to respect, be protected and fulfilled.
Education is one of the most powerful tools for transforming human lives and
society. In India 40% of children drop out of school before finishing 8thstandard
and at that time government have rule “free and compulsory education for all” but
people are unable to understand the policy due to their narrow and orthodox
mindsets. The post-colonial mind set and rigidity makes them the frog in the
well.
Child labour is a wide
spread phenomena.
Because in childhood children do not have the
importance knowledge and education, they always followed their parents. But
parents do not understand about future of their children .Because parents think
child labour is impeccable for them so this will be perfect for their children
too. At a tender age a child is
indecisive about the importance of education and knowledge. Children always get
ideas of present situations but not getting in what would be the circumstances
of the future. If children are givenRs 100 per day, it’s quite beneficiary for
families and they are forced to earn, because with the help of child, there comes
more money.
And then children cultivate the hobbits like
smoking and drinking or are trapped by drug dealers for selling the same. A
child is working for family and escapes school. And then children are attracted
by money, and with the help of money can satisfy their very basic needs like
food and clothes. So labour becomes compulsory for a child and schools become
secondary.
How child labour takes place.
Because in the 21st century is
running very fast. Modernity has its own drawbacks. Some situations take place
very fast and some reasons change psychology of children. Main reasons like,
maid household, kidnapping, red light area, girl marriage with old man,
prostitution etc .Behind these reasons parents of the child are earned money in
one or another way. Because as House keeper girl child goes with her mother and
then she followed her mother and her life changed extremely.On the other hand,
gangsters kidnap children and make them to do malpractices. As a boy he joins
with his servant and as girl she is pushed into sex work. Latest movie of Bollywood,
‘Mardaani’ presented which types of situations are faced by girls. So in child
labour not only quality is focused but also quantity. Because they are given
attractive offers, behind this attraction a child is drops School. Very young
girls’ parents are marrying the girl with anold man only for money. And then
she is gets busy with households and child so she has to dropout her school .So
here we can said that only for some few more money parents are doing anything
with their child having membership of street gangs or beggars almosttry dropping
out of school. And best example of Hindi movie’ Traffic signal’. In this movie
how children’s lives is going in with dangerous positions.
“Child labour must not become the
nation’s social safety net.”
-KailashSatyarthi (1998), Global March
There is a crucial cycle of child labour
from which the child cannot escape. A child carrying the burden of being a
bread winner and student, bound due to that burden.And not having the capacity
of running away or revolt. Child is constantly getting deep in to the vicious
circle of labour .He paid less attention to his learning, as labour threaten
the ability of learning skill.
School dropout also depends on student
teacher relationship. The child exposed only to the teacher in the begging of
the life span. Psychologically s/he is very much depending upon teacher and
school atmosphere during the school time.In some schools the providence of
interesting atmospheres as well as interesting activities is null, sostudents
are waiting for holidays. And some time students are forced to attend such
school due to lack of money. Students
become happy when the school time is over. We can say that atmosphere of family as well
as school is very impotent. If teacher ill-treated the child or ignore the child,
the child feels neglected. The negligence creates lack of attention, boredom
and lack of interest. Sometimes poverty and castisism affect teacher’s behavior
towards the students. These students are not given chance to speak out or
interact freely with teacher in the class room.
This behavioural partiality lesson the learning ability of the students.
A kind of inferiority generated and makes the student dumb. It causes school
dropout.
As per some psychologists, “five
year children are same in speaking language like 60 year because these children
are not to do mistakes in mother tong.”
If parents are educated, children are more willingly to be in school.
However, parents are illiterate there is a greater risk to children’s drop out
from school. So it is more likely that every child get proper education.
In lower middle class family where parents are half educated working
very hard to satisfy basic need of the family. Due to it the girl child in this
family perform very responsible roll to manage house hold and taking care of
family members. She has to play a roll of nurse for her grandparents in the absence
of her parents. Having younger sibling is quite a big responsibility for her. So
in full life she is not free for herself and also for education. In such family
there is child marriage of the girl child is common which a major reason of
school dropout is. In very young age she leaves her school, only for her family
problems.
On the other side such family the first boy child has to share the toil
of the parents for earning.The eldest male child of family has enough
responsibilities to earn daily wages for paying fees of the younger ones. Boys
are working in hotels, restaurants, teastall, repairing of vehicles, bars and
canteens.Some time he tries his bestto join the school or complete his work
before school time. Working one or two hours per day may not interfere with
schooling. But master hires him and not allowing going to school by hock or
crock.
Children’s home’ atmosphere also some time
spoiled their careers. Parents are quite eager to send those children to
school, after informing about the cases of child abused they hesitate to send
the children to school. The surrounding
also performs as valid reasons for school dropout. Sometimes the neighborhood
is having nuisance preventing the child to join the school. In novel ‘Bluest Eye’ is very appropriate
example.
Sometime parents themselves sell their child for laboring. In the market
the wages depend upon the physical strength, gender, religion and age.Children
are paid also according to their skills of working, smartness and hardworking
nature. These children are abandoning indirectly from enjoying the child hood
and have lost the right to education.
We can say that lack of parents’involvement is reason for child labour. Because
parent have not paid attention on their child. On the other hand in the society
some children are belong to the families in which parents are divorced, and
children live with grandparent’s .So in this situation children are pushed to child
labouring and lost the chance to get education. Some time child is belong
toagricultural family. Agriculture is one activity with which the majority of
children in rural areas are familiar. Their family is not having importance of
education and literacy. This is the prominent reason why they don’t pay more
attention on child’s teaching and learning. So in this family every member is
engaged with agricultural work. Then child has to dropout
his school.
The one reason of child labour is
low socio background. They are not educated persons and the mind sets are rigid
that can’t accept new ideas and change.
Education is one of the new idea for them so for such family child has to
do child labour and dropout his school.
The parents who are belongs to poverty,
they are also trying that their child learns very well. These parents are doing
very hard work. They are sometimes not able to paying enough attentation to
their children. It is possible that childrenmay not understand this reality and
they try to find the satisfaction of their isolation to elsewhere. They pay
less attention in learning and failed.In such cases parents are not ready to
pay more fees on their child’s education, due to it s/he joins labour work. So
we can said that lower families parent is try to do their best but child have no value .It’s too late when he think about his future
and realize his mistake. Now there is only one wayopen for such an adrift
child. He started working, begging and sometimes clutch himself in activities
and crime which is harmful to society.
“Out of school children comprise the workers and
non workers .In our view they together signify a measure of deprivation among
children and can be considered as a potential labour pool always being at the
risk of entering the labour force.”
NCEUS, 2007
An orphan child can easily be drowned to child labour.Because they are
also want to live life. But s/he has no money to fulfill his / her wants. So
here they are choose wrong way of his life .And doing pick pocketing, some type
of bed worksbegging and sometimes clutch himself in activities and crime which
is harmful to society.It’s best example is ‘Oliver Twist’. But our government
is trying to its best; they started NRSTC (Non Residence Special Training
Centre), RSTC (Residence Special Training Centre) program. There
Migrant and non – migrant children are educated in a mode that is practical,
basic and simple. The teacher are using innovative methods of teaching and going
a step further in understanding the child as a whole (emotionally, psychology
and physically). Special cases are given special attention. So this is also
best for children. They are also learn
and also got money.
Conclusion:
According to my point of view, these
children are doing not drop out of school voluntarily, but are pushed out of
schools. A variety of social, economic and cultural factors as well as practices,
routines are responsible for this.
Most often the child his/her family macro economic factors are
considered to be responsible for them dropping out on the other hand, if the
issue is seen as children being ‘pushed out’ of school.
Many children either dropout or
never join school because they are poor and the survival of their family depends
on the children’s earning. Due to this labour work they
lack the interest in education and they failed in his schooling.
These all reasons are associated
with the child labour and School dropout. So in next generation have feel lots
of problems on reason of population .So, by this population there is always
increase in child labour in the society.And people are not really poor, but his
mentally andthoughts are make them poor.
Works Cited
Burra, N., & Burra, N. (n.d.). Child labour and
Education. 2 to 105.
Orarem, P. F., F, & Gunnarsson, V. (n.d.). Child labour
, School sttendance and academic performance:A review. 1 to 40.
Reddy, A. N.,. & Sinha, S. (2010, July). School Dropouts
or Pushouts? Overcoming Barriers For the Right to Education. 1 to 43.
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