School Dropout and Child Labour

                  School Dropout and Child Labour

                               Parmar shubhda

                                                         Department of English

                                                        Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University

Bhavnagar, Gujarat

shubhadaparmar10@gmail.com

Introduction:

                   This paper has been prepared as a back ground on school dropout and child labour. In the 21^st century there are lots of problems like, poverty, abortion of girl child, prostitution and very famous problem is child labour. The issue of child labour is closely related with human and it seen that the incidence of child labour is very high and a front line concern in India.  The issue of child labour is a developmental issue worth studying as we know child labour is a source of income for poor family. Our government is doing best work for how to erase child labour in the India by removing poverty and provide enough sources for incomes. But our pubic is not supported governments. They are just take benefits with help of government without any hard work.

           Education is human right .So all human rights should, with the duty to respect, be protected and fulfilled. Education is one of the most powerful tools for transforming human lives and society. In India 40% of children drop out of school before finishing 8^thstandard and at that time government have rule “free and compulsory education for all” but people are unable to understand the policy due to their narrow and orthodox mindsets. The post-colonial mind set and rigidity makes them the frog in the well.

Child labour is a wide spread phenomena.

  Because in childhood children do not have the importance knowledge and education, they always followed their parents. But parents do not understand about future of their children .Because parents think child labour is impeccable for them so this will be perfect for their children too.  At a tender age a child is indecisive about the importance of education and knowledge. Children always get ideas of present situations but not getting in what would be the circumstances of the future. If children are givenRs 100 per day, it’s quite beneficiary for families and they are forced to earn, because with the help of child, there comes more money.

 And then children cultivate the hobbits like smoking and drinking or are trapped by drug dealers for selling the same. A child is working for family and escapes school. And then children are attracted by money, and with the help of money can satisfy their very basic needs like food and clothes. So labour becomes compulsory for a child and schools become secondary.

            How child labour takes place.

 Because in the 21^st century is running very fast. Modernity has its own drawbacks. Some situations take place very fast and some reasons change psychology of children. Main reasons like, maid household, kidnapping, red light area, girl marriage with old man, prostitution etc .Behind these reasons parents of the child are earned money in one or another way. Because as House keeper girl child goes with her mother and then she followed her mother and her life changed extremely.On the other hand, gangsters kidnap children and make them to do malpractices. As a boy he joins with his servant and as girl she is pushed into sex work. Latest movie of Bollywood, ‘Mardaani’ presented which types of situations are faced by girls. So in child labour not only quality is focused but also quantity. Because they are given attractive offers, behind this attraction a child is drops School. Very young girls’ parents are marrying the girl with anold man only for money. And then she is gets busy with households and child so she has to dropout her school .So here we can said that only for some few more money parents are doing anything with their child having membership of street gangs or beggars almosttry dropping out of school. And best example of Hindi movie’ Traffic signal’. In this movie how children’s lives is going in with dangerous positions.

“Child labour must not become the nation’s social safety net.”

               -KailashSatyarthi (1998), Global March

             There is a crucial cycle of child labour from which the child cannot escape. A child carrying the burden of being a bread winner and student, bound due to that burden.And not having the capacity of running away or revolt. Child is constantly getting deep in to the vicious circle of labour .He paid less attention to his learning, as labour threaten the ability of learning skill.

           School dropout also depends on student teacher relationship. The child exposed only to the teacher in the begging of the life span. Psychologically s/he is very much depending upon teacher and school atmosphere during the school time.In some schools the providence of interesting atmospheres as well as interesting activities is null, sostudents are waiting for holidays. And some time students are forced to attend such school due to lack of money.  Students become happy when the school time is over.  We can say that atmosphere of family as well as school is very impotent. If teacher ill-treated the child or ignore the child, the child feels neglected. The negligence creates lack of attention, boredom and lack of interest. Sometimes poverty and castisism affect teacher’s behavior towards the students. These students are not given chance to speak out or interact freely with teacher in the class room.  This behavioural partiality lesson the learning ability of the students. A kind of inferiority generated and makes the student dumb. It causes school dropout.

           As per some psychologists, “five year children are same in speaking language like 60 year because these children are not to do mistakes in mother tong.”

          If parents are educated, children are more willingly to be in school. However, parents are illiterate there is a greater risk to children’s drop out from school. So it is more likely that every child get proper education.

          In lower middle class family where parents are half educated working very hard to satisfy basic need of the family. Due to it the girl child in this family perform very responsible roll to manage house hold and taking care of family members. She has to play a roll of nurse for her grandparents in the absence of her parents. Having younger sibling is quite a big responsibility for her. So in full life she is not free for herself and also for education. In such family there is child marriage of the girl child is common which a major reason of school dropout is. In very young age she leaves her school, only for her family problems.

         On the other side such family the first boy child has to share the toil of the parents for earning.The eldest male child of family has enough responsibilities to earn daily wages for paying fees of the younger ones. Boys are working in hotels, restaurants, teastall, repairing of vehicles, bars and canteens.Some time he tries his bestto join the school or complete his work before school time. Working one or two hours per day may not interfere with schooling. But master hires him and not allowing going to school by hock or crock.

 Children’s home’ atmosphere also some time spoiled their careers. Parents are quite eager to send those children to school, after informing about the cases of child abused they hesitate to send the children to school.  The surrounding also performs as valid reasons for school dropout. Sometimes the neighborhood is having nuisance preventing the child to join the school.  In novel ‘Bluest Eye’ is very appropriate example.

        Sometime parents themselves sell their child for laboring. In the market the wages depend upon the physical strength, gender, religion and age.Children are paid also according to their skills of working, smartness and hardworking nature. These children are abandoning indirectly from enjoying the child hood and have lost the right to education.

          We can say that lack of parents’involvement is reason for child labour. Because parent have not paid attention on their child. On the other hand in the society some children are belong to the families in which parents are divorced, and children live with grandparent’s .So in this situation children are pushed to child labouring and lost the chance to get education. Some time child is belong toagricultural family. Agriculture is one activity with which the majority of children in rural areas are familiar. Their family is not having importance of education and literacy. This is the prominent reason why they don’t pay more attention on child’s teaching and learning. So in this family every member is engaged with   agricultural work. Then child has to dropout his school.

           The one reason of child labour is low socio background. They are not educated persons and the mind sets are rigid that can’t accept new ideas and change.  Education is one of the new idea for them so for such family child has to do child labour and dropout his school.

            The parents who are belongs to poverty, they are also trying that their child learns very well. These parents are doing very hard work. They are sometimes not able to paying enough attentation to their children. It is possible that childrenmay not understand this reality and they try to find the satisfaction of their isolation to elsewhere. They pay less attention in learning and failed.In such cases parents are not ready to pay more fees on their child’s education, due to it s/he joins labour work. So we can said that lower families parent is try to do their  best but child have no value  .It’s too late when he think about his future and realize his mistake. Now there is only one wayopen for such an adrift child. He started working, begging and sometimes clutch himself in activities and crime which is harmful to society.

“Out of school children comprise the workers and non workers .In our view they together signify a measure of deprivation among children and can be considered as a potential labour pool always being at the risk of entering the labour force.”

                                                 NCEUS, 2007

               An orphan child can easily be drowned to child labour.Because they are also want to live life. But s/he has no money to fulfill his / her wants. So here they are choose wrong way of his life .And doing pick pocketing, some type of bed worksbegging and sometimes clutch himself in activities and crime which is harmful to society.It’s best example is ‘Oliver Twist’. But our government is trying to its best; they started NRSTC (Non Residence Special Training Centre), RSTC (Residence Special Training Centre) program. There Migrant and non – migrant children are educated in a mode that is practical, basic and simple. The teacher are using innovative methods of teaching and going a step further in understanding the child as a whole (emotionally, psychology and physically). Special cases are given special attention. So this is also best for children.  They are also learn and also got money.

Conclusion:

            According to my point of view, these children are doing not drop out of school voluntarily, but are pushed out of schools. A variety of social, economic and cultural factors as well as practices, routines are responsible for this.

         Most often the child his/her family macro economic factors are considered to be responsible for them dropping out on the other hand, if the issue is seen as children being ‘pushed out’ of school.

             Many children either dropout or never join school because they are poor and the survival of their family depends on the children’s earning. Due to this labour work they lack the interest in education and they failed in his schooling.

               These all reasons are associated with the child labour and School dropout. So in next generation have feel lots of problems on reason of population .So, by this population there is always increase in child labour in the society.And people are not really poor, but his mentally andthoughts are make them poor.

Works Cited

Burra, N., & Burra, N. (n.d.). Child labour and Education. 2 to 105.

Orarem, P. F., F, & Gunnarsson, V. (n.d.). Child labour , School sttendance and academic performance:A review. 1 to 40.

Reddy, A. N.,. & Sinha, S. (2010, July). School Dropouts or Pushouts? Overcoming Barriers For the Right to Education. 1 to 43.

Urban Dressing v/s Rural Dressing

           Urban Dressing v/s Rural Dressing 

                                        Parmar shubhda

                                        Department of English

                                        Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University

                                        Bhavnagar, Gujarat

                                         shubhadaparmar10@gmail.com

Introduction:

                  

                   The India’s most of the population lives in villages. When travelling during the length and width of this subcontinent, one can really imagine the difference between rural and urban India.

                  There is a big difference between urban and rural India. One of the major differences that can be seen between rural India and urban India is their standards of living. People living in urban India have better living conditions than those living in the rural parts of India. There is a large economic gap between rural and urban India.  Rural areas are less modern and open than urban areas. Here rural people are not extremely excepting anything like urban people. Life in the society was very simple and reflected in the way of living, dressing, food habits and manners etc. However life in the city is not simple but very complex and complicated.

                   India is a well known country all over the world because of its culture and heritage. In Indian culture, we include our festivals, rituals, dishes, dressing, etc. So, when it comes to dressing there are two different aspects, i.e. one is culture and another is casual. Where comfort is differs from person to person. The modern outfit with Western culture is common now days. People are probably more attached to their traditions and beliefs. We usually see the society is not moving towards rural area. They are more near to the nature. India is the continent falls under the categories of hot and sunny countries. Being based on the agricultural background, India has cultivated more natural fabric like Khadi, Cotton and silk. Rural folk are highly depending upon the cotton and khadi for clothing.

“Good humor may be said to be one of the very best articles of dress one can wear in society.”

                                                                                                 -William      Makepeace Thackeray

                   People in the villages of India wear different types of dresses in their daily life. One of the most important aspects of village life in India, dresses reflects the cultural variety and richness of the region. The males in the villages usually wear lungi, dhoti, kurta, etc. On the other hand, the women mostly wear sari. Beside in the urban areas are generally accepted latest fashion .There are not particular dresses in daily life. In urban they are also wearing sari but style of sari is particularly dissimilar from rural. So people from rural areas are generally following their tradition and to the people of urban; they are blindly following latest fashion. Here I said that, every villagers have own culture.  Because in every village people’s dressing style is different .And on the other side in urban area also dress code is changed with profession. So this is difference between urban and rural dressing.

                 In rural community the force of traditional mores and the bonds of family unity are more central than in the urban community.

                             According to Biesanz and Biesanz,

“In the rural community custom is the king, the folkways and mores control most of behavior.”

                  The sense of group responsibility which tends to be more and more dissolved in the increase of the city prevails in village life. In village, clothing covers most of the body, is common .In India, traditionally dressed woman cover the tops of their head and her face with her sari. So this is symbol of old culture reflecting there. Here the family played a very significant and major role. Its hold was very strong then.

                   If we are considering the 21^st century many rural areas do not follow their tradition of dressing. Means women of village are not cover their head and face with sari.  They want to live life like urban people as well as looking like them. Here I want to say that, people are copying another culture on their selves. But first of all should think about the culture they are following is suitable his / her or not. Because just adopting culture is not much safer for us. Culture itself is never entirely static or uniform, each age, each age group, each year brings some variation of custom and accompanying clothing habits. Culture continually is being modified by development in the social and economic and such changes are reflected visibly in the clothing of the people.

                   In the cities bond of families is not so well, and many functions which the families used to celebrate, have been taken away by other institutions and relations.  So we can say that in urban area people live free minded life. They have not any tradition or not any rigid rules. Due to professional life and capitalization, people prefer comfortable as well as new trendy wearing. So they are following daily fashion, lives life in ‘fashion world’. They always create their own fashion. They have not ashamed to follow any new trend or wearing what they like as fashion. Here dressing is likely to relate with the power and position on has in the social circles. The cities in India also have certain dress codes for professions e.g. 'khaki' dress for police force, black coat and white shirt or sari is for layers and solicitors. So dress codes define the profession. In comparisons with the western countries India is still backsword in the fashion trends but gradually the Indian Sari and suits catching the fire on the red carpet.

                    Generally in urban area where as some persons organize some kind of  parties or celebration of festivals such as Christmas or birthday have different type of dress codes .In these kinds of occasions the dress code is implemented it means that it's must for the person to dress up like Santa or theme of black and white. So now days this is the trend of urban lifestyle that  in this modern and ever changing world of fashion dressing sense plays very vital role. Dress code is very attractive and creative idea for all of us. Urban people are also fashionable in religion also. They have different fashions on different occasion. They do not hesitate any time especially in dressing.

                     If we are considering rural culture, the other side of the society, it is really different from urban culture .There people are wearing very shining dressing on marriage ceremony.  Parties are not being organized in rural areas. It's a kind of taboo for such parties and night outs. So if any one wears some modern clothes then s/he has been mocked. Because rural people are not adjusting their mindsets for adaption of culture of urban especially in dressing. They are far from them. In village we can also see typical dress code like, men wear dhoti and kurta. Working lady generally choose choli. In these dressing they are feeling comfortable more. Here I also present one example of shepherds. They have worn traditional clothes in day to day life. And ladies of their wear blouse and back side’s body portion is extremely open. At time there is not broken any traditional taboos for woman or not laugh on her. The male members of the society wear Kediyu . So my point is that in festival of Navaratri or on another occasion urban ladies and gents are following fashion of this tradition. So in one or another way people of urban are remembering rooted fashion of rural and rural people are following urban trends. In short in the world of dressing all people have wants; they are looking different from another people. And whenever wear new dress, other people are appreciate them and also the dressing.

Here we can say that an advertisement of Amul Dairy Products is best example stands for the rural dressing and the modern, techno friendly culture. 

                 So trend is main aspect of life, especially in clothes. If they are belong to urban or rural. But in 21^st century people are blindly follow it. If we are observing, we can have realistic idea about dressing. Now days fashion is extremely opposition between rural and urban. People of urban they are crazy behind fashion of rural and beside rural people has trend of urban fashion. They disregard old culture for instance a rural girl is coming at urban area for study. After completed her education once again she went at rural area. So at that time she is tremendously changed. Her dressing her life style has modified, especially in dressing. Always all persons' dressing is identification of them. Dressing speaks about the very persona of one's self. In our life dressing performs very vital role.

                  If we are considering literature, there are also some rigid rules. Here I remember novel “The Scarlet Letter” by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Here present character of Hester Prynne a Woman found guilty of adultery. She is required to wear a scarlet "A" ("A" is the symbol of adultery) on her dress to shame her. So here we can see that how the dressing is indicating personality of person.

                    First impressions are made of visual and verbal clues, which can form within   few seconds of meeting someone. Many things can part into a first impression, such as someone’s posture, facial expressions, handshake, eye contact and dress. While with help of these cues an identified portrayal of a person’s character and personality, they can give a good indication of who someone is.

                   Appearance is the most important aspect in our day to life style. In present society a person appearance, dressing and clothing does matter a lot. Dressing sense is said to be the reflection of a person's personality as well as it reflects the time for which the individual person attends. Depending upon this people of different tastes, cultures and behavioral of works. Dresses or cloths divided into casuals wear, formal wear, comfort wear and traditional wear. As classified above those all are situational and occasional wears. Here the main role is played by the issue of dressing sense, it comes in to picture .that means provided that sense for situation and connecting our dress to a particular dress. Dressing sense doesn't only mean situational wearing of cloths but it also states the color combinations of your wear. Black trousers and white shirts are the ideal and everlasting combinations in similar way we can state that any kind of dark shirts with light color trousers can also be stated as the ideal form of dressing. As stated dressing sense can differ from gender to gender that means females and males have different choice and there interest of dresses and coming to kids they also has dresses with respect to their age groups. Fashions also place a main role part of our clothing and dresses.

                 This is why dressing can be so important in our daily life .Your personal appearance can also call a variety of reactions from people who know you and who around you, they react to your appearance in positive or negative way. The success of the appearance messages sent by an individual and how that same individual readers the messages sent by others, is influenced by many factors. Each of us learns many values and attitudes about clothing and personal appearance. These values and attitudes shape not only clothing choice but also other choices; we must make concerning appearances and behavior.

                    Dr. Jennifer Baumgartner wrote the book on this phenomenon, which she calls the “psychology of dress.” In “You Are What You Wear: What Your Clothes Reveal About You,” she explains our clothing choices, but how to overcome key psychological issues in your everyday life.

                   Dress behavior is a major sign of personality. Dress refers to the way one dresses, and dress mentality refers to the person's mood open in the dress. For instance, a person who dresses smartly, pleasingly, and attractively not only shows that the person has good taste but also indicates his or her fine mood. So we are identifying   person on her or his dressing .i.e. if person wear white coat so we are know he or she is doctor. So dressing is giving symbol of person’s identity. Here I present one example of an advertisement. How another person is identify personality with help of dressing. (Airtal)

                    Dress is very important and attractive think of both of side in rural and also in urban. Because when people are wearing new dress in rural area at that time they had lots of glad feelings. Because they are wearing new clothes .And especially this location is doing on Diwali. Generally in village on the festival people are parches new clothes.

                  On their hand in urban life shopping of clothes is very simple thing. But in urban life when people are buying some special clothes i.e. if a man buy t-shirt like sign of Sachin Tendulkar, at that time he feel very delighted.  Some time Clothing has a significant effect on self-esteem and confidence, claims expert. Some time clothes can attack attitude of person also.

              As usual we are said that clothes are very important and valuable thing of every person’s life. And after purchasing clothes all people have different kind of joy. In rural area they have one kind of joy and on other hand urban people have different kind of joy.

Conclusion:

                 Dressing styles change over time for a diversity of reasons. Although environmental changes can have strong effects, trade causes the quickest shifts in a culture's clothing styles. Means in urban and rural area people wants to live with the trend. They have to make their own fashion. Adopting western culture is not a problem but one should be very careful whatever they are adopting is good or bad as per the current social standers. Just copying any culture won’t work. We should find out our culture and try to remove them like bowery.

                 In short, we are said that rural and urban they have own culture in dressing. Dresses are very important aspect of life. And without dressing all people’s life is half. Dressing is one of the stages which demonstrate the personality of person in daily life.

                Dress as an expression of modesty is a cultural variations rather than being based in the universal of mankind. The average person however is appropriate to interpret the significance of clothing only in terms of physical or utilitarian needs, such as the need for defense against the weather often we forget that everyone has a variety of social and emotional needs that also must be met in some way.

                Dressing is a tool by which a person expresses the varieties of culture and his status in the society. The dressing sense in the exacting culture gives a sense of superiority or inferiority and acts as a medium of self expression.

Works Cited

-  A.P. Thakar, Sunil Pandey, A.P Thakar and sunil Pandey. 21st Century India View and Vision. New Delhi, 2009.

-  wikipedia. n.d.

            - (culturalindia and indian-clothing)

            -  (difference-between-urban-and-rural-india)

The Sense of an Ending

This post is in response the worksheet on The sense of an Ending http://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2014/02/the-sense-of-ending-julian-barnes.html

 In the novel The Sense of an Ending we can see that, Adrin had an affair with Veronica’s mother sarah. Veronica’s mother had Adrin’s diary and Adrin was very happy in his last few months, because he was with her. Beside Tony feels guilty because his spiteful letter herd Adrin to veronica’s mother, and its result them to produced a son, this was reason behind his suicide. The suggestion then is that Adrin’s suicide was not logically decision because on the same level as Robson’e sucide in their school days.
                                                        b = s-v + / X a1
                                                        a2 +v +a1 X s= b
                  Sarah has unhealthy relationship with Veronica because she has more loving relationship with Adrin .That Adrin was lead to the developed of another life with Veronica’s mother. Adrin described to be quite an intelligent man and always thinking ahead of him. He was really happy with Sarah, creating another life due to his weakness and his guilty and he saw the responsibilities ahead him by mistake .And during the sixties where he making his girl friend pregnant is very serious think. Then with all these responsibilities with guilt he decides to do suicide in his life. 
              Veronica’s strange relationship was with her family that Tony notices something of unknown. But she is betrayed terribly by her mother through sarah’s relationship with Adrin. But here after their bad breakup, his deadly letter, Adrin’s death and the life was left with. It would be quite simple to see Tony as a villan, his carelessly set about this chain of events in a variety of ways. At end completed view, which is possibly why she claim Tony will never understand it.

Frakenstein

                 
  Frankenstein was gothic horror movie. Mary Shelly was present this novel very effectively. Movie Frankenstein by Kenneth Branagh is something   relate with the novel, but as director he do some changing for make more interesting. In end of the movie Elizabeth died her own self, while in the text book Elizabeth‘s dead by monster. But with help of the movie we easily understand text. And now whenever read text at that time comes originally pictures, because here director also used perfect symbols which connect with text. 

In the novel victor is protagonist, but according on my view, here monster is also protagonist because after creation of monster   story of the novel full of surrounded him. Without his born story was not continuous.

Beginning of the movie Victor’s first creation was frog and it broke glass of bowl. So, this frog also gave symbol of dangerous but he also crated monster. After his creation he shocked and victor   was not ready for  responsibility as father, but at that time he was not believe and faithful on his creation. Because  now society is reject him for his physical appearance but his heart is not ugly ,because he feels all kind of feelings like human being , but here society easily not expect. At that time he finally decided for revenge with Victor. if victor expect him as son , so nothing create any problems .But after take revenge he was not feel better, because monster   was responsible behind death of his father.

                   So in the movie Kenneth gave originally effect on monster, his appearance and  also his living style etc .And also present blood and horror scenes in the novel. So end of movie I would you like to say, it is very fabulous movie by Kenneth Branagh.

To the Lighthouse

- This  post is in response of the this worksheet , http://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2014/09/worksheet-virginia-woolfs-to-lighthouse.html
To the Lighthouse’, written by Virginia Woolf and published in 1927, centers on the period before and after World War one. The background is of great importance to an understanding of the gender relations in the novel. As Woolf is writing out of a society with well-established values, that wanted the vote for all women and equal rights. In many ways Woolf is through as she criticizes many aspects of the patriarchal world that she was a part, though some critics say that she seems to support the patriarch.

- Mrs. Ramsay is the stereotypical mother figure, beautiful, beloved, helpful, and the novel does not criticize her achievements as a mother of eight. That she thinks this is clear in the image of her sitting and knitting, thinking all the though, and noticing the beam of the lighthouse through the window. This image of the lighthouse as exactly a light in the dark is very powerful in the way it reveals. Mrs. Ramsay is the protector of the men in her family. In fact, she uses the men’s relationship with each other to give her peace of mind, a chance to rest from her regular works as mother of the family. 

- Mrs. Ramsay is powerful from the novel’s opening pages not only as a woman of great humanity, but also as a guard. If beside we are showing character of Lily . In her life she is doing lots of struggle and this think  represent in her painting also . In this novel we find two major character Lily and Mrs. Ramsay.Beside we can said that  one or another way writer  represent ownself here.

- In the novel two types of myths .Oedipus myth and Pagan Myth.

The Odipus Myth presents  in the characters like, James and Mrs.Ramsay. her main goal is to care for her youngest son James .Mrs. Ramsay tells her son that’ if the weather is good tomorrow, they can go to the light house. So, here we can see how she is care for her child with love .And other side Mr. Ramsay tells him, today that’s not possible ..So, as mother Mrs.Ramsay is know how to do care of children.    We can say that, Mrs. Ramsay is about as close as Virginia Woolf.  Mrs. Ramsay is the lovely star at the center of the Ramsay family, and at the heart of the novel. Mrs.Ramsay magical power as the great mother is quite clear in the first section. .Mrs.Ramsay is more emotional, whose magical force attracts people. The second . We find pagan myth in Mrs. Ramsay’s character. In pagan myth Rhea, Demeter and Persephone this are reflected in Mrs. Ramsay’s character.

 - So at last we can said that ,Mrs.Ramsay was performing role very successfully being the central character of mother, wife, and friend holds power in the novel. She was always trying to living her life full of happiness. But after Mrs.Ramsay’s death, Lily completes her painting. Thought the painting of Mrs.Ramsay and James is so conceptual, Lily achieves the convey of magical power by finishing the portrait of Mrs.Ramsay.

The Birthday Party

         This post is in response the worksheet on The Birthday Partyhttp://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2013/09/worksheet-film-screening-harold-pinters.html   

              Harold Pinter’s play centre’s on the life of the main protagonist Stanley Webber, an unemployed pianist, who, for the last year, has been living as a lodger with Meg and Petey in their boarding house. Stanley is living in inactive away from the outside world. However, the relatively peaceful, domestic atmosphere of the boarding house is disturbed by the imposition of two unknown characters, Goldberg and McCann. The two men are “agents” of an “organization” and have come to claim Stanley. The characters in the play previous to the arrival of Goldberg and McCann are described very dangerously. 

              Beside in the play the nature of language and dialogue is also central to the theme of menace in The Birthday Party .The Birthday Party, it may advise the absurdity of the human condition, for Stanley, like all of mankind feels unsure of himself and unsafe without certainties in his universe. Stanley, like mankind, is fearful that what lies beyond the limits of his comfortable environment is threatening and aggressive. 

To the Lighthouse

-
 This post is in response of this worksheet, http://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2014/09/worksheet-virginia-woolfs-to-lighthouse.html
 To the Lighthouse’, written by Virginia Woolf and published in 1927, centers on the period before and after World War one. The background is of great importance to an understanding of the gender relations in the novel. As Woolf is writing out of a society with well-established values, that wanted the vote for all women and equal rights. In many ways Woolf is through as she criticizes many aspects of the patriarchal world that she was a part, though some critics say that she seems to support the patriarch.

- Mrs. Ramsay is the stereotypical mother figure, beautiful, beloved, helpful, and the novel does not criticize her achievements as a mother of eight. That she thinks this is clear in the image of her sitting and knitting, thinking all the though, and noticing the beam of the lighthouse through the window. This image of the lighthouse as exactly a light in the dark is very powerful in the way it reveals. Mrs. Ramsay is the protector of the men in her family. In fact, she uses the men’s relationship with each other to give her peace of mind, a chance to rest from her regular works as mother of the family. 

- Mrs. Ramsay is powerful from the novel’s opening pages not only as a woman of great humanity, but also as a guard. If beside we are showing character of Lily . In her life she is doing lots of struggle and this think  represent in her painting also . In this novel we find two major character Lily and Mrs. Ramsay.Beside we can said that  one or another way writer  represent ownself here.

- In the novel two types of myths .Oedipus myth and Pagan Myth.

The Odipus Myth presents  in the characters like, James and Mrs.Ramsay. her main goal is to care for her youngest son James .Mrs. Ramsay tells her son that’ if the weather is good tomorrow, they can go to the light house. So, here we can see how she is care for her child with love .And other side Mr. Ramsay tells him, today that’s not possible ..So, as mother Mrs.Ramsay is know how to do care of children.    We can say that, Mrs. Ramsay is about as close as Virginia Woolf.  Mrs. Ramsay is the lovely star at the center of the Ramsay family, and at the heart of the novel. Mrs.Ramsay magical power as the great mother is quite clear in the first section. .Mrs.Ramsay is more emotional, whose magical force attracts people. The second . We find pagan myth in Mrs. Ramsay’s character. In pagan myth Rhea, Demeter and Persephone this are reflected in Mrs. Ramsay’s character.

 - So at last we can said that ,Mrs.Ramsay was performing role very successfully being the central character of mother, wife, and friend holds power in the novel. She was always trying to living her life full of happiness. But after Mrs.Ramsay’s death, Lily completes her painting. Thought the painting of Mrs.Ramsay and James is so conceptual, Lily achieves the convey of magical power by finishing the portrait of Mrs.Ramsay.